Aqueduct of the Citadel

This long medieval aqueduct once carried water lifted from the Nile up to the Citadel to supply the fortress and its palaces. Its surviving arches march across the southern part of the city, beginning at a hexagonal intake tower near the river where ox-driven wheels raised the water. Built and extended across the Mamluk period, the structure combines massive stone piers with pointed arches. Though no longer in use, it remains a striking piece of hydraulic engineering and a recognizable feature of the older cityscape.