Mount Elgon

Mount Elgon is a massive extinct shield volcano straddling the border of Uganda and Kenya, its base spreading wider than almost any mountain on earth and its summit rim enclosing one of the largest intact calderas in the world. The highest point, Wagagai at 4,321 metres, lies on the Ugandan side, and both countries protect the mountain as national parks.

Trekking routes climb through dense montane forest, bamboo and a zone of giant groundsels and lobelias onto open moorland, taking three to five days to reach the summit and explore the caldera, hot springs and the striking Jackson's Pool. Unlike its glaciated neighbours, Elgon has no permanent snow, so the ascent is a walk rather than a climb, with camps or simple huts along the way. The Sasa and Sipi trails are the most used on the Ugandan side.

Difficulty is moderate. There is no technical ground, but the altitude, long forested climbs and often wet, muddy trails make it a genuine test of stamina; acclimatisation matters on the upper sections. Trekking is only permitted with guides and porters arranged through the park, and entry fees and camping fees apply. The lower slopes are famous for the Sipi Falls and coffee-growing country.

The drier months, roughly June to August and December to March, offer the best conditions, though rain and mist are common at any time on this damp mountain. Warm and waterproof gear is essential for the cold moorland nights. Quieter and less commercialised than the region's higher peaks, Elgon offers rich forest, birdlife and a huge summit caldera to explore.