Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape

A steep theatre clings to the acropolis of Pergamon, high above the Bakırçay Plain, where the Attalid kings built a Hellenistic capital famed for its library and learning. Temples, an altar terrace, gymnasium and porticoes step down the slope; below, the Asclepieion healing sanctuary drew the sick from across the Roman province of Asia, and Byzantine and Ottoman layers gather around modern Bergama. UNESCO inscribed this many-layered landscape in 2014.