Vladivostok Fortress

This ring of coastal defences around the Pacific port of Vladivostok forms one of the most elaborate sea fortresses ever built in the Russian Empire, developed over decades to guard the far-eastern naval base. Batteries, forts, tunnels and gun emplacements are scattered across the hills and islands around the harbour, some now open as museums. Massive coastal artillery, including a preserved Voroshilov battery with its huge turret guns, survives on the peninsula, offering both military history and dramatic viewpoints.