Vatnajökull National Park - Dynamic Nature of Fire and Ice

Fire meets ice across nearly 14% of Iceland in Vatnajökull National Park, a realm of over 1.4 million hectares with ten central volcanoes, eight of them beneath the ice cap. When an eruption breaches a glacier's edge it unleashes a jökulhlaup — sudden floods that have built vast sandur plains and carved rapidly changing canyons — while groundwater fauna that outlived the Ice Age endures in the volcanic terrain. The park was inscribed by UNESCO in 2019.